Camino de máxima suma en una matriz

   (  1  6 11  2 )
   (  7 12  3  8 )
   (  3  8  4  9 )

   1, 7,  3, 8, 4, 9
   1, 7, 12, 8, 4, 9
   1, 7, 12, 3, 4, 9
   1, 7, 12, 3, 8, 9
   1, 6, 12, 8, 4, 9
   1, 6, 12, 3, 4, 9
   1, 6, 12, 3, 8, 9
   1, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9
   1, 6, 11, 3, 8, 9
   1, 6, 11, 2, 8, 9

   caminoMaxSuma :: Matrix Int -> [Int]

   λ> caminoMaxSuma (fromLists [[1,6,11,2],[7,12,3,8],[3,8,4,9]])
   [1,7,12,8,4,9]
   λ> sum (caminoMaxSuma (fromList 500 500 [1..]))
   187001249

import Data.Matrix
 
-- 1ª definición
-- =============
 
caminoMaxSuma1 :: Matrix Int -> [Int]
caminoMaxSuma1 m =
  head [c | c <- cs, sum c == k] 
  where cs = caminos1 m
        k  = maximum (map sum cs)
 
caminos1 :: Matrix Int -> [[Int]]
caminos1 m =
  map reverse (caminos1Aux m (nf,nc))
  where nf = nrows m
        nc = ncols m
 
-- (caminos1Aux p x) es la lista de los caminos invertidos en la matriz p
-- desde la posición (1,1) hasta la posición x. Por ejemplo,
caminos1Aux :: Matrix Int -> (Int,Int) -> [[Int]]
caminos1Aux m (1,1) = [[m!(1,1)]]
caminos1Aux m (1,j) = [[m!(1,k) | k <- [j,j-1..1]]]
caminos1Aux m (i,1) = [[m!(k,1) | k <- [i,i-1..1]]]
caminos1Aux m (i,j) = [m!(i,j) : xs
                      | xs <- caminos1Aux m (i,j-1) ++
                              caminos1Aux m (i-1,j)]
 
-- 2ª definición
-- =============
 
caminoMaxSuma2 :: Matrix Int -> [Int]
caminoMaxSuma2 m =
  head [c | c <- cs, sum c == k] 
  where cs = caminos2 m
        k  = maximum (map sum cs)
 
caminos2 :: Matrix Int -> [[Int]]
caminos2 m =
  map reverse (matrizCaminos m ! (nrows m, ncols m))
 
matrizCaminos :: Matrix Int -> Matrix [[Int]]
matrizCaminos m = q
  where
    q = matrix (nrows m) (ncols m) f
    f (1,y) = [[m!(1,z) | z <- [y,y-1..1]]]
    f (x,1) = [[m!(z,1) | z <- [x,x-1..1]]]
    f (x,y) = [m!(x,y) : cs | cs <- q!(x-1,y) ++ q!(x,y-1)]  
 
-- 3ª definición (con programación dinámica)
-- =========================================
 
caminoMaxSuma3 :: Matrix Int -> [Int]
caminoMaxSuma3 m = reverse (snd (q ! (nf,nc)))
  where nf = nrows m
        nc = ncols m
        q  = caminoMaxSumaAux m
 
caminoMaxSumaAux :: Matrix Int -> Matrix (Int,[Int])
caminoMaxSumaAux m = q 
  where
    nf = nrows m
    nc = ncols m
    q  = matrix nf nc f
      where
        f (1,1) = (m!(1,1),[m!(1,1)])
        f (1,j) = (k + m!(1,j), m!(1,j):xs)
          where (k,xs) = q!(1,j-1)
        f (i,1) = (k + m!(i,1), m!(i,1):xs)
          where (k,xs) = q!(i-1,1)        
        f (i,j) | k1 > k2   = (k1 + m!(i,j), m!(i,j):xs)
                | otherwise = (k2 + m!(i,j), m!(i,j):ys)
          where (k1,xs) = q!(i,j-1)
                (k2,ys) = q!(i-1,j)
 
-- Comparación de eficiencia
-- -------------------------
 
--    λ> length (caminoMaxSuma1 (fromList 11 11 [1..]))
--    21
--    (10.00 secs, 1,510,120,328 bytes)
--    λ> length (caminoMaxSuma2 (fromList 11 11 [1..]))
--    21
--    (3.84 secs, 745,918,544 bytes)
--    λ> length (caminoMaxSuma3 (fromList 11 11 [1..]))
--    21
--    (0.01 secs, 0 bytes)