{"id":7444,"date":"2022-10-17T06:00:31","date_gmt":"2022-10-17T04:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/?p=7444"},"modified":"2022-12-14T12:31:22","modified_gmt":"2022-12-14T10:31:22","slug":"ternas-pitagoricas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/ternas-pitagoricas\/","title":{"rendered":"Ternas pitag\u00f3ricas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Una terna (x,y,z) de enteros positivos es pitag\u00f3rica si x\u00b2 + y\u00b2 = z\u00b2 y x &lt; y &lt; z.<\/p>\n<p>Definir la funci\u00f3n<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"text\">\n   pitagoricas :: Int -> [(Int,Int,Int)]\n<\/pre>\n<p>tal que <code>pitagoricas n<\/code> es la lista de todas las ternas pitag\u00f3ricas cuyas componentes est\u00e1n entre 1 y <code>n<\/code>. Por ejemplo,<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"text\">\n   pitagoricas 10  ==  [(3,4,5),(6,8,10)]\n   pitagoricas 15  ==  [(3,4,5),(5,12,13),(6,8,10),(9,12,15)]\n<\/pre>\n<p><b>Soluciones<\/b><\/p>\n<p>A continuaci\u00f3n se muestran las <a href=\"#haskell\">soluciones en Haskell<\/a> y las <a href=\"#python\">soluciones en Python<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"haskell\"><\/a><br \/>\n<b>Soluciones en Haskell<\/b><\/p>\n<pre lang=\"haskell\">\nimport Test.QuickCheck\n\n-- 1\u00aa soluci\u00f3n\n-- ===========\n\npitagoricas1 :: Int -> [(Int,Int,Int)]\npitagoricas1 n = [(x,y,z) | x <- [1..n]\n                          , y <- [1..n]\n                          , z <- [1..n]\n                          , x^2 + y^2 == z^2\n                          , x < y &#038;&#038; y < z]\n\n-- 2\u00aa soluci\u00f3n\n-- ===========\n\npitagoricas2 :: Int -> [(Int,Int,Int)]\npitagoricas2 n = [(x,y,z) | x <- [1..n]\n                          , y <- [x+1..n]\n                          , z <- [ceiling (sqrt (fromIntegral (x^2+y^2)))..n]\n                          , x^2 + y^2 == z^2]\n\n-- 3\u00aa soluci\u00f3n\n-- ===========\n\npitagoricas3 :: Int -> [(Int,Int,Int)]\npitagoricas3 n = [(x,y,z) | x <- [1..n]\n                          , y <- [x+1..n]\n                          , let z = round (sqrt (fromIntegral (x^2+y^2)))\n                          , y < z\n                          , z <= n\n                          , x^2 + y^2 == z^2]\n\n-- Comprobaci\u00f3n de equivalencia\n-- ============================\n\n-- La propiedad es\nprop_pitagoricas :: Positive Int -> Bool\nprop_pitagoricas (Positive n) =\n  all (== pitagoricas1 n)\n      [pitagoricas2 n,\n       pitagoricas3 n]\n\n-- La comprobaci\u00f3n es\n--    \u03bb> quickCheck prop_pitagoricas\n--    +++ OK, passed 100 tests.\n\n-- Comparaci\u00f3n de eficiencia\n-- =========================\n\n-- La comparaci\u00f3n es\n--    \u03bb> length (pitagoricas1 200)\n--    127\n--    (12.25 secs, 12,680,320,400 bytes)\n--    \u03bb> length (pitagoricas2 200)\n--    127\n--    (1.61 secs, 1,679,376,824 bytes)\n--    \u03bb> length (pitagoricas3 200)\n--    127\n--    (0.06 secs, 55,837,072 bytes)\n<\/pre>\n<p>El c\u00f3digo se encuentra en <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/jaalonso\/Exercitium\/blob\/main\/src\/Ternas_pitagoricas.hs\">GitHub<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"python\"><\/a><br \/>\n<b>Soluciones en Python<\/b><\/p>\n<pre lang=\"python\">\nfrom math import ceil, sqrt\nfrom timeit import Timer, default_timer\n\nfrom hypothesis import given\nfrom hypothesis import strategies as st\n\n# 1\u00aa soluci\u00f3n\n# ===========\n\ndef pitagoricas1(n: int) -> list[tuple[int, int, int]]:\n    return [(x, y, z)\n            for x in range(1, n+1)\n            for y in range(1, n+1)\n            for z in range(1, n+1)\n            if x**2 + y**2 == z**2 and x < y < z]\n\n# 2\u00aa soluci\u00f3n\n# ===========\n\ndef pitagoricas2(n: int) -> list[tuple[int, int, int]]:\n    return [(x, y, z)\n            for x in range(1, n+1)\n            for y in range(x+1, n+1)\n            for z in range(ceil(sqrt(x**2+y**2)), n+1)\n            if x**2 + y**2 == z**2]\n\n# 3\u00aa soluci\u00f3n\n# ===========\n\ndef pitagoricas3(n: int) -> list[tuple[int, int, int]]:\n    return [(x, y, z)\n            for x in range(1, n+1)\n            for y in range(x+1, n+1)\n            for z in [ceil(sqrt(x**2+y**2))]\n            if y < z <= n and x**2 + y**2 == z**2]\n\n# Comprobaci\u00f3n de equivalencia\n# ============================\n\n# La propiedad es\n@given(st.integers(min_value=1, max_value=50))\ndef test_pitagoricas(n: int) -> None:\n    r = pitagoricas1(n)\n    assert pitagoricas2(n) == r\n    assert pitagoricas3(n) == r\n\n# La comprobaci\u00f3n es\n#    src> poetry run pytest -q ternas_pitagoricas.py\n#    1 passed in 1.83s\n\n# Comparaci\u00f3n de eficiencia de pitagoricas\n# ======================================\n\ndef tiempo(e: str) -> None:\n    \"\"\"Tiempo (en segundos) de evaluar la expresi\u00f3n e.\"\"\"\n    t = Timer(e, \"\", default_timer, globals()).timeit(1)\n    print(f\"{t:0.2f} segundos\")\n\n# La comparaci\u00f3n es\n#    >>> tiempo('pitagoricas1(200)')\n#    4.76 segundos\n#    >>> tiempo('pitagoricas2(200)')\n#    0.69 segundos\n#    >>> tiempo('pitagoricas3(200)')\n#    0.02 segundos\n<\/pre>\n<p>El c\u00f3digo se encuentra en <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/jaalonso\/Exercitium-Python\/blob\/main\/src\/ternas_pitagoricas.py\">GitHub<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Una terna (x,y,z) de enteros positivos es pitag\u00f3rica si x\u00b2 + y\u00b2 = z\u00b2 y x &lt; y &lt; z. Definir la funci\u00f3n pitagoricas :: Int -> [(Int,Int,Int)] tal que pitagoricas n es la lista de todas las ternas pitag\u00f3ricas cuyas componentes est\u00e1n entre 1 y n. Por ejemplo, pitagoricas 10 == [(3,4,5),(6,8,10)] pitagoricas 15&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"footnotes":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false},"categories":[581],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7444"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7444"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7444\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7669,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7444\/revisions\/7669"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7444"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7444"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/exercitium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7444"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}