        {"id":1548,"date":"2023-09-11T06:00:01","date_gmt":"2023-09-11T04:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/?p=1548"},"modified":"2023-08-22T16:51:08","modified_gmt":"2023-08-22T14:51:08","slug":"11-sep-23","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/11-sep-23\/","title":{"rendered":"En \u211d, |a| &#8211; |b| \u2264 |a &#8211; b|"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Demostrar con Lean4 que si \\(a\\) y \\(b\\) n\u00fameros reales, entonces<br \/>\n\\[|a| &#8211; |b| \\leq |a &#8211; b|\\]<\/p>\n<p>Para ello, completar la siguiente teor\u00eda de Lean4:<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"lean\">\r\nimport Mathlib.Data.Real.Basic\r\n\r\nvariable (a b : \u211d)\r\n\r\nexample : |a| - |b| \u2264 |a - b| :=\r\nby sorry\r\n<\/pre>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><b>Demostraciones en lenguaje natural (LN)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><br \/>\n<b>1\u00aa demostraci\u00f3n en LN<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Por la siguiente cadena de desigualdades<br \/>\n\\begin{align}<br \/>\n   |a| &#8211; |b| &#038;= |a &#8211; b + b| &#8211; |b| \\\\<br \/>\n             &#038;\\leq (|a &#8211; b| + |b|) &#8211; |b|   &#038;&#038;\\text{[por la desigualdad triangular]}\\\\<br \/>\n             &#038;= |a &#8211; b|<br \/>\n\\end{align}<\/p>\n<p><b>2\u00aa demostraci\u00f3n en LN<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Por la desigualdad triangular<br \/>\n\\[   |a &#8211; b + b| \\leq |a &#8211; b| + |b| \\]<br \/>\nsimplificando en la izquierda<br \/>\n\\[   |a| \\leq |a &#8211; b| + |b| \\]<br \/>\ny, pasando \\(|b|\\) a la izquierda<br \/>\n\\[   |a| &#8211; |b| \u2264 |a &#8211; b| \\]<\/p>\n<p><b>Demostraciones con Lean4<\/b><\/p>\n<pre lang=\"lean\">\r\nimport Mathlib.Data.Real.Basic\r\n\r\nvariable (a b : \u211d)\r\n\r\n-- 1\u00aa demostraci\u00f3n (basada en la 1\u00aa en LN)\r\nexample : |a| - |b| \u2264 |a - b| :=\r\ncalc |a| - |b|\r\n     = |a - b + b| - |b| :=\r\n          congrArg (fun x => |x| - |b|) (sub_add_cancel a b).symm\r\n   _ \u2264 (|a - b| + |b|) - |b| :=\r\n           sub_le_sub_right (abs_add (a - b) b) (|b|)\r\n   _ = |a - b| :=\r\n          add_sub_cancel (|a - b|) (|b|)\r\n\r\n-- 2\u00aa demostraci\u00f3n (basada en la 1\u00aa en LN)\r\nexample : |a| - |b| \u2264 |a - b| :=\r\ncalc |a| - |b|\r\n     = |a - b + b| - |b| := by\r\n          rw [sub_add_cancel]\r\n   _ \u2264 (|a - b| + |b|) - |b| := by\r\n          apply sub_le_sub_right\r\n          apply abs_add\r\n   _ = |a - b| := by\r\n          rw [add_sub_cancel]\r\n\r\n-- 3\u00aa demostraci\u00f3n (basada en la 2\u00aa en LN)\r\nexample : |a| - |b| \u2264 |a - b| :=\r\nby\r\n  have h1 : |a - b + b| \u2264 |a - b| + |b| := abs_add (a - b) b\r\n  rw [sub_add_cancel] at h1\r\n  exact abs_sub_abs_le_abs_sub a b\r\n\r\n-- 4\u00aa demostraci\u00f3n\r\nexample : |a| - |b| \u2264 |a - b| :=\r\nabs_sub_abs_le_abs_sub a b\r\n<\/pre>\n<p><b>Demostraciones interactivas<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Se puede interactuar con las demostraciones anteriores en <a href=\"https:\/\/lean.math.hhu.de\/#url=https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/jaalonso\/Calculemus2\/main\/src\/abs_sub.lean\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Lean 4 Web<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><b>Referencias<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> J. Avigad y P. Massot. <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3U4UjBk\">Mathematics in Lean<\/a>, p. 18.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Demostrar con Lean4 que si \\(a\\) y \\(b\\) n\u00fameros reales, entonces \\[|a| &#8211; |b| \\leq |a &#8211; b|\\] Para ello, completar la siguiente teor\u00eda de Lean4: import Mathlib.Data.Real.Basic variable (a b : \u211d) example : |a| &#8211; |b| \u2264 |a &#8211; b| := by sorry<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[297,286,287],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1548"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1548"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1548\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1549,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1548\/revisions\/1549"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1548"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1548"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.glc.us.es\/~jalonso\/calculemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1548"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}