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	<id>https://www.glc.us.es/~jalonso/LMF2020/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=T1_sol</id>
	<title>T1 sol - Historial de revisiones</title>
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	<updated>2026-07-19T09:43:39Z</updated>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://www.glc.us.es/~jalonso/LMF2020/index.php?title=T1_sol&amp;diff=1126&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Mjoseh en 09:51 14 may 2020</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.glc.us.es/~jalonso/LMF2020/index.php?title=T1_sol&amp;diff=1126&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2020-05-14T09:51:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Revisión anterior&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revisión del 09:51 14 may 2020&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Línea 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Línea 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;source lang = &amp;quot;isabelle&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;source lang = &amp;quot;isabelle&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;text &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;‹Tarea 1 &lt;/del&gt;de Lógica Matemática y Fundamentos (24-abril-2020)›&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;text &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;‹Ejercicio &lt;/ins&gt;de Lógica Matemática y Fundamentos (24-abril-2020)›&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;theory Tarea_1_sol&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;theory Tarea_1_sol&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mjoseh</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.glc.us.es/~jalonso/LMF2020/index.php?title=T1_sol&amp;diff=1067&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Mjoseh en 09:55 10 may 2020</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.glc.us.es/~jalonso/LMF2020/index.php?title=T1_sol&amp;diff=1067&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2020-05-10T09:55:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Revisión anterior&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revisión del 09:55 10 may 2020&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l54&quot; &gt;Línea 54:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Línea 54:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &amp;#160;  ∀y. E(y) ⟶&amp;#160; A(y,a)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &amp;#160;  ∀y. E(y) ⟶&amp;#160; A(y,a)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; + Para ello, por la regla allI, dado b cualquiera, hay que probar&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; + Para ello, por la regla allI, dado b cualquiera, hay que probar&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; &amp;#160; &amp;#160; E(&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;y&lt;/del&gt;) ⟶&amp;#160; A(&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;y&lt;/del&gt;,a)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; &amp;#160; &amp;#160; E(&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;b&lt;/ins&gt;) ⟶&amp;#160; A(&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;b&lt;/ins&gt;,a)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; + Para ello, por la regla impI,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; + Para ello, por la regla impI,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; &amp;#160; &amp;#160;  supuesto 4: E(b)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; &amp;#160; &amp;#160;  supuesto 4: E(b)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mjoseh</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.glc.us.es/~jalonso/LMF2020/index.php?title=T1_sol&amp;diff=999&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Mjoseh: Protegió «T1 sol» ([Editar=Solo administradores] (indefinido) [Trasladar=Solo administradores] (indefinido))</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.glc.us.es/~jalonso/LMF2020/index.php?title=T1_sol&amp;diff=999&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2020-05-04T09:54:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Protegió «&lt;a href=&quot;/~jalonso/LMF2020/index.php/T1_sol&quot; title=&quot;T1 sol&quot;&gt;T1 sol&lt;/a&gt;» ([Editar=Solo administradores] (indefinido) [Trasladar=Solo administradores] (indefinido))&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Revisión anterior&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revisión del 09:54 4 may 2020&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-notice&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(Sin diferencias)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mjoseh</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.glc.us.es/~jalonso/LMF2020/index.php?title=T1_sol&amp;diff=998&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Mjoseh: Página creada con «&lt;source lang = &quot;isabelle&quot;&gt; text ‹Tarea 1 de Lógica Matemática y Fundamentos (24-abril-2020)›  theory Tarea_1_sol imports Main  begin  lemma notnotI: &quot;P ⟹ ¬¬ P&quot;…»</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.glc.us.es/~jalonso/LMF2020/index.php?title=T1_sol&amp;diff=998&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2020-05-04T09:54:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Página creada con «&amp;lt;source lang = &amp;quot;isabelle&amp;quot;&amp;gt; text ‹Tarea 1 de Lógica Matemática y Fundamentos (24-abril-2020)›  theory Tarea_1_sol imports Main  begin  lemma notnotI: &amp;quot;P ⟹ ¬¬ P&amp;quot;…»&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Página nueva&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;source lang = &amp;quot;isabelle&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
text ‹Tarea 1 de Lógica Matemática y Fundamentos (24-abril-2020)›&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
theory Tarea_1_sol&lt;br /&gt;
imports Main &lt;br /&gt;
begin&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lemma notnotI: &amp;quot;P ⟹ ¬¬ P&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
  by auto&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
lemma mt: &amp;quot;⟦F ⟶ G; ¬G⟧ ⟹ ¬F&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
  by auto&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
text  ‹Ejercicio: Formalizar la siguiente argumentación&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  Hay un profesor que agrada a todos los estudiantes a los que&lt;br /&gt;
  agrada al menos un profesor. A todo estudiante le agrada uno u otro&lt;br /&gt;
  profesor. &lt;br /&gt;
  (a) Demostrar que hay un profesor que agrada a todos los estudiantes. &lt;br /&gt;
  (b) ¿Hay un profesor que no agrade a ningún estudiante? &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  Simbología: P(x): x es un profesor, E(x): x es estudiante, A(x,y): &lt;br /&gt;
  a x le agrada y.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  Notas: &lt;br /&gt;
  (1) No usar ninguno de los métodos automáticos: simp, simp_all, &lt;br /&gt;
      auto, blast, force, fast, arith o metis.&lt;br /&gt;
  (2) Se pueden establecer lemas auxiliares si se consideran útilies,&lt;br /&gt;
      siempre que su demostración se realice de forma detallada, sin&lt;br /&gt;
     usarlos métodos automáticos.›&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
― ‹(1) Demostración automática›&lt;br /&gt;
lemma &lt;br /&gt;
  assumes &amp;quot;∃x. P(x) ∧ (∀y. E(y) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(y,z)) ⟶  A(y,x))&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
          &amp;quot;∀y. E(y) ⟶  (∃x. P(x) ∧ A(y,x))&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
  shows   &amp;quot;∃x. P(x) ∧ (∀y. E(y) ⟶  A(y,x))&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
 using assms by auto&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
― ‹(1) Demostración natural:&lt;br /&gt;
Tenemos &lt;br /&gt;
   h1: ∃x. P(x) ∧ (∀y. E(y) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(y,z)) ⟶  A(y,x))&lt;br /&gt;
   h2: ∀y. E(y) ⟶  (∃x. P(x) ∧ A(y,x))&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
+ De h1, usando la regla exE, se obtiene a tal que&lt;br /&gt;
     1: P(a) ∧ (∀y. E(y) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(y,z)) ⟶  A(y,a))&lt;br /&gt;
    &lt;br /&gt;
  De 1, usando las reglas de eliminación de la conjunción (conjunct1 &lt;br /&gt;
  y conjunct2) se obtiene&lt;br /&gt;
     2: P(a)&lt;br /&gt;
     3: ∀y. E(y) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(y,z)) ⟶  A(y,a)&lt;br /&gt;
  &lt;br /&gt;
  Veamos que a es el elemento que verifica las condiciones de la tesis. &lt;br /&gt;
  Por 2, se verifica P(a). Por tanto, es suficiente probar&lt;br /&gt;
     ∀y. E(y) ⟶  A(y,a)&lt;br /&gt;
  + Para ello, por la regla allI, dado b cualquiera, hay que probar&lt;br /&gt;
        E(y) ⟶  A(y,a)&lt;br /&gt;
    + Para ello, por la regla impI,&lt;br /&gt;
         supuesto 4: E(b)&lt;br /&gt;
     hay que probar A(b,a). En efecto:&lt;br /&gt;
     + De 3, usando la regla allE, se tiene&lt;br /&gt;
          4: E(b) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(b,z)) ⟶  A(b,a)&lt;br /&gt;
     + De 4, usando las reglas de eliminación de la conjunción &lt;br /&gt;
       (conjunct1 y conjunct2) se obtiene&lt;br /&gt;
          5: E(b)&lt;br /&gt;
          6: (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(b,z)) ⟶  A(b,a)&lt;br /&gt;
     + De h2, usando la regla allE, se tiene&lt;br /&gt;
          7: E(b) ⟶  (∃x. P(x) ∧ A(b,x))&lt;br /&gt;
     + De 7 y 5, usando la regla mp se tiene&lt;br /&gt;
          8: ∃x. P(x) ∧ A(b,x)&lt;br /&gt;
     + De 6 y 8, usando la regla mp, se tiene&lt;br /&gt;
          9: A(b,a), con lo que termina la demostración›&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 ― ‹(1) Demostración detallada›&lt;br /&gt;
lemma  &lt;br /&gt;
  assumes &amp;quot;∃x. P(x) ∧ (∀y. E(y) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(y,z)) ⟶  A(y,x))&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
          &amp;quot;∀y. E(y) ⟶  (∃x. P(x) ∧ A(y,x))&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
  shows   &amp;quot;∃x. P(x) ∧ (∀y. E(y) ⟶  A(y,x))&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
proof-&lt;br /&gt;
  from assms(1) obtain a &lt;br /&gt;
    where 1: &amp;quot; P(a) ∧ (∀y. E(y) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(y,z)) ⟶  A(y,a))&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
    by (rule exE)&lt;br /&gt;
  then have 2: &amp;quot;∀y. E(y) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(y,z)) ⟶  A(y,a)&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
    by (rule conjunct2)&lt;br /&gt;
  have &amp;quot;P(a)&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
    using 1 by (rule conjunct1)&lt;br /&gt;
  have &amp;quot;∀y. E(y)   ⟶  A(y,a)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
  proof (rule allI)&lt;br /&gt;
    fix b&lt;br /&gt;
    show &amp;quot;E(b)   ⟶  A(b,a)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
    proof (rule impI)&lt;br /&gt;
      assume &amp;quot;E(b)&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
      have &amp;quot;E(b) ⟶  (∃x. P(x)   ∧ A(b,x))&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
        using assms(2) by (rule allE)&lt;br /&gt;
      then have &amp;quot;∃x. P(x)   ∧ A(b,x)&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
        using `E(b)` by (rule mp)&lt;br /&gt;
      with `E(b)` have 3: &amp;quot;E(b) ∧ (∃x. P(x) ∧ A(b,x))&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
        by (rule conjI)&lt;br /&gt;
      have  &amp;quot;E(b) ∧ (∃z. P(z)   ∧ A(b,z))  ⟶  A(b,a)&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
        using 2 by (rule allE)&lt;br /&gt;
      then show &amp;quot;A(b,a)&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
        using 3 by (rule mp)&lt;br /&gt;
    qed&lt;br /&gt;
  qed&lt;br /&gt;
  with `P(a)` have &amp;quot;P(a)   ∧ (∀y. E(y)   ⟶  A(y,a))&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
    by (rule conjI)&lt;br /&gt;
  then show ?thesis &lt;br /&gt;
    by (rule exI)&lt;br /&gt;
qed&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
― ‹(1) Demostración detallada aplicativa:›&lt;br /&gt;
lemma  &lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;quot;⟦∃x. P(x) ∧ (∀y. E(y) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(y,z)) ⟶  A(y,x));&lt;br /&gt;
      ∀y. E(y) ⟶  (∃x. P(x) ∧ A(y,x))⟧ &lt;br /&gt;
      ⟹ ∃x. P(x) ∧ (∀y. E(y) ⟶  A(y,x))&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
  apply(erule exE)&lt;br /&gt;
  apply(rule_tac x = x in exI)&lt;br /&gt;
  apply(erule conjE)&lt;br /&gt;
  apply(rule conjI, assumption)&lt;br /&gt;
  apply(rule allI)&lt;br /&gt;
  apply(rule impI)&lt;br /&gt;
  apply(erule_tac x = y in allE)&lt;br /&gt;
  apply (drule mp, assumption)&lt;br /&gt;
  apply(erule_tac x=y in allE)&lt;br /&gt;
  apply(erule impE)&lt;br /&gt;
   apply(rule conjI, assumption)&lt;br /&gt;
   apply(assumption)+&lt;br /&gt;
  done&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
― ‹(2) Contraejemplo:›&lt;br /&gt;
lemma &lt;br /&gt;
  assumes &amp;quot;∃x. P(x) ∧ (∀y. E(y) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(y,z)) ⟶  A(y,x))&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
          &amp;quot;∀y. E(y) ⟶  (∃x. P(x) ∧ A(y,x))&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
  shows &amp;quot;∃x. P(x) ∧ (∀y. E(y) ⟶ ¬A(y,x))&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
  quickcheck&lt;br /&gt;
  oops&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(* Quickcheck found a counterexample:&lt;br /&gt;
  P = {a⇩1}&lt;br /&gt;
  x = a⇩1&lt;br /&gt;
  E = {a⇩1}&lt;br /&gt;
  A = {(a⇩1, a⇩1)}&lt;br /&gt;
 *)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
― ‹(2) Comprobación del contramodelo:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Considerando la interpretación proporcionada por Isabelle:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
+ La hipótesis h1 se verifica pues:&lt;br /&gt;
  + Se verifica P(a1)&lt;br /&gt;
  + Se verifica ∀y. E(y) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(y,z)) ⟶  A(y,a1)) pues &lt;br /&gt;
    el elemento para el que se verifica E(y) ∧ (∃z. P(z) ∧ A(y,z)) es  &lt;br /&gt;
    a1 y, en ese caso, también se verifica A(a1, a1).&lt;br /&gt;
+  La hipótesis h2 se verifica pues, para todos los elementos para los &lt;br /&gt;
   que se verifique E, sólo a1, también se verifica ∃x. P(x) ∧ A(a1,x),&lt;br /&gt;
   pues se cumple P(a1) ∧ A(a1,a1).&lt;br /&gt;
+ No se verifica la conclusión, pues el único elemento que verifica P&lt;br /&gt;
  es a1. Y, para a1, no se verifica ∀y. E(y) ⟶ ¬A(y,a1) pues para a1&lt;br /&gt;
  se cumple E(a1) y no se cumple ¬A(a1,a1).›&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
end&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/source&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mjoseh</name></author>
		
	</entry>
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